The founder of Streetsboro Township was Titus Street from Connecticut, in 1798. He was born in Wallingford, Connecticut, on June 4, 1758.

Streetsboro Township contained 15,279 acres. The land was surveyed by Ralph Cowles and Lemuel Punderson in the summer of 1822 and divided into lots of 100 acres. They were appointed agents by Titus Street. Street had fixed the price of $6 an acre, higher then the average price for wild land. Lemuel Punderson died in September 1823. Amzi Atwater was appointed in November 1824 to be the new agent. The price of the land was lowered to $2.00 - $5.00 an acre. 

The first settler in Streetsboro was Stephen Myers, Jr. Myers was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania in1798.

Major growth occurred in Streetsboro with the opening of the Ohio Turnpike on October 1, 1955, with Exit 13 being the only interchange in Portage County. By 1957, with the growth of the automobile industry, Streetsboro experienced a population explosion.

The principle industry of Streetsboro was cheese. Cheese houses dotted Streetsboro, putting it on the map in 1873 as being one of the major cheese producers in the United States. In 1873 there was six hundred thirty-six thousand, one hundred fifty pounds of cheese produced in Streetsboro. In 1885, five factories were in operation, producing over 600,000 pounds of cheese.

In 1968, voters decided to merge the township and the village to become one city consisting of 25 square miles. Streetsboro was primarily a farming community until 1970.