CML was incorporated in 1982 as the state-wide Friends of Libraries organization for Maryland. It was established as a result of the recommendations of the Maryland Governor's Conference (1978) and the White House Conference (1979) on Library and Information Services. It is made up of interested citizens and non-profit organizations, libraries, library trustees and professionals from throughout the state.

Citizens for Maryland Libraries was formed for these purposes:
Create greater public awareness of the need for and services of libraries of all kinds.
Promote laws to provide improved support to libraries.
Foster, promote, and help local library friends and support groups.
Prepare Fact sheets on library support issues and friends, letting citizens know what they can do to help.
Serve as a sounding board for citizens of Maryland on library issues.
Seek private funds to supplement libraries.
Cooperate with Maryland Library Association - The State's professional group.
Produce a Newsletter on library activities around the State.
CML promotes recognition of volunteer library leadership through its awards.
Testify, as needed, in support of libraries and library users.